What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The U.S. Congress is a bicameral legislature, which means it consists of two distinct chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. This structure is established by the U.S. Constitution and is essential for the legislative process in the United States. The Senate is made up of two senators from each state, regardless of the state's population, and it plays a crucial role in confirming appointments and advancing treaties. The House of Representatives is made up of representatives based on each state's population, allowing for representation that reflects the demographic makeup of the country. This combination of chambers ensures a balance between equal representation of all states and representation based on the population, which is an important principle in U.S. governance.

The other choices do not accurately represent the composition of the U.S. Congress. The House of Commons and the House of Lords refer to the legislative bodies of the United Kingdom, while the President’s Cabinet and the Supreme Court are part of the executive branch and the judicial branch, respectively, rather than the legislative branch.